The Effect of Radionuclide Fractionation on the Normalization Factor for Fallout Fields
Author | : G. R. Crocker |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 52 |
Release | : 1965 |
ISBN-10 | : UOM:39015095209758 |
ISBN-13 | : |
Rating | : 4/5 (58 Downloads) |
Download or read book The Effect of Radionuclide Fractionation on the Normalization Factor for Fallout Fields written by G. R. Crocker and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report compares the normalization factor, r/hr per kt/mi]2, calculated for unfractionated fission products with the normalization factors calculated from field data for a near-surface silicate soil burst and a silicate soil cratering burst. The large discrepancies between predicted and observed values appear to be caused by a combination of radionuclide fractionation, ground roughness and instrument self-shielding, and gradient effects. Fractionation effects can cause a difference of a factor of five in the normalization factors for surface and cratering bursts, allowing about 50% reduction in radiation due to ground roughness and instrument self-shielding. Ionization-chamber measurements on field-collected samples are correlated with their degree of fractionation in this report, and a reasonable correspondence between the ionization-chamber readings and the exposure rates measured in the field is established.