Download or read book Modeling of Human Joint Structures written by Ali Erkan Engin and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic simulation of the response of the total human body to external forces provides essential information for prediction of injury and subsequent design and development of crash protection systems. The research program presented in this report is concerned with mathematical modeling of an articulating joint defined by the joint contact surfaces of two body segments and the joint ligaments. A rather extended discussion of the articulations and anatomical descriptions of the elbow, shoulder, hip, knee and ankle joints are first presented, with special emphasis on the location and functional aspects of the major ligaments of each joint. This is followed by a description of the articulating surfaces and the development of a measurement technique for the determination of articulating surface equations for the elbow, hip, knee and ankle joints. Next, a constitutive equation representing ligament characteristics and behavior is presented and the attachment sites of the ligaments of the elbow, hip, knee and ankle joints are provided. General two- and three-dimensional mathematical dynamic models of an articulating joint are then developed to determine the nature of motions and forces between two body segments. The results are compared with experimental data from the literature and the validity of the model is established.