Download or read book Proteomic Screen for Novel Interactors of G Protein-coupled Receptor Dimers written by Elyssa Frohlich and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a large class of membrane receptors that mediate cellular communication events in cells. GPCRs are widely targeted by therapeutics, but their downstream signaling events remain incompletely understood, especially in the context of homo- and heterodimers. The dimerization of GPCRs can affect not only the nature and strength of downstream signaling pathways but also the trafficking of receptors to the membrane as well as their internalization kinetics. This project focuses on three GPCRs that are implicated in the regulation of blood pressure: the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), the prostaglandin F receptor (FP), and the [beta]2-adrenoreceptor ([beta]2AR), and how their downstream canonical pathways intertwine in the context of identified heterodimeric receptors. To investigate their interactomes, we will use the engineered ascorbate peroxidase 2 (APEX2) genetically fused to the C-tail of these GPCRs. APEX2 is a promiscuous biotin ligase that allows the labeling and subsequent identification of proximal proteins. Our main objective is to identify novel interactors of the AT1R-FP and AT1R-[beta]2AR dimers. This will support our hypothesis that GPCR heterodimers have different interactomes than GPCR monomers or homodimers. Our first aim was to validate the expression and function of the APEX2-tagged constructs in HEK 293F cells. We confirmed APEX2 activity through western blotting with streptavidin-HRP and immunofluorescence with neutravidin. We also used immunofluorescence to verify that the receptors reached the plasma membrane, utilizing an HA tag that each receptor-APEX2 construct has on its N-terminus. To confirm that the APEX2-tagged receptors still couple functionally to the G protein heterotrimer, we used Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET)-based biosensors. The activation of [beta]2AR leads to an increase in cAMP levels through G[alpha]s, which subsequently binds to an EPAC-based biosensor and causes a change in BRET. The activation of either AT1R-APEX2 or FP-APEX2 leads to an increase in intracellular Ca++ through G[alpha]q, which binds to the Calflux biosensor and causes a change in BRET. Next, we will investigate the interactomes of heterodimers under control and stimulated conditions at different time points by co-expressing APEX2-tagged receptors with putative heterodimer partners. We will enrich the biotinylated proteins using streptavidin-coated sepharose beads, followed by on bead trypsin digestion. Proteins will be identified by label-free mass spectrometry and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation"--